Product Data Golden Thread Brain Dump

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GBE Brain Dump
Product Data Golden Thread

GBE Opinion
Information-Gap

Context of systemic failures across the Construction Industry

Driven by systemic failures at all levels of:
- supply chain including:
  - Vague product marketing, poor product literature,
  - Poor test house calibration, inspection and accreditation
  - Implied, manipulated or hidden test evidence or certification
  - Selling untested new recipes under old recipe certification
  - Marketing departments writing the text for test certification
  - Drawings and specifications not reflecting the tested rig details
- demand chain including:
  - inadequate briefing by novice clients
  - design, specification, contracts
  - development control,
  - contractor design portion projects,
  - energy performance contracts?
- Manufacturer’s Marketing:
  - Deliberate attempts to hide the truth and embellish the facts with marketing ambition
  - Suppress test data by making cut down documents for consumer consumption
  - Needs a robust response to prevent misleading the market and resulting in failures
- Fire and life safety data failures can lead to catastrophic failures and loss of life.
  - Lies by manufacturer’s marketing department
    - Lies taken as truths by accreditation bodies
    - Lies taken as truths by designers and specifiers
    - Lies taken as truths by development control
    - Lies taken as truths by substituting constructors
    - Lack of veracity in approach to ‘desk top studies’ by fire consultants
      - Cherry picking supporting evidence
      - Ignoring contrary evidence
    - Focus on cost upper limit for clients
      - Habitual drive downwards by cost advisors
        
        Even if the client want to invest well
      - Construction Industry response with substitutions below specification
        
        (known or otherwise)
      - But those lies confuse the assessment of alternatives
      - Lack of real understanding by the decision makers
    - All Highlighted by Grenfell disaster
  - Many other pressing broader issues need to be embraced by single data source solution (more 21 lines later)

Post-Grenfell Hackett report and Enquiry interviews:

Identified the ‘Rush to the bottom’ in specification and equivalency evaluation
- Lowering costs being the primary driver
- Performance was the controlling back-stop
- But systemic cheating, lies, hiding the truth and manipulation of data to trick certification and testing bodies added to confusion and permitted lesser products be substituted.
‘Drive out Value Engineering’ as practiced in the UK Construction Industry
- Most likely cost cutting without looking at any bigger pictures
Promotion of a ‘golden thread of information’ in production information from manufacturer’s
- Competently accredited, currently calibrated, diligently staffed, test houses
- Independent 3rd party test evidence thoroughly scrutinized by authors and reviewers
- Through databases, literature, websites,
- Specifications, contracts to contract administration
- Ultimately to support facilities management
- Possibly on into Product Passports for reclaimed materials
The industry has to change but is it capable of change?
- So much incompetence prevails at so many points in the supply and demand chain
- Competence is not valued
  - Training is so often superficial and short term
  - Apprenticeships are not as common place as is needed
  - Architectural Education is focused on three areas (see elsewhere below)
    - Very little on preparing for the job they do

Broader Issues:

GC General Contracting as a procurement method has significantly diminished its market share
D&B Design and Build has taken a considerable market share from General Contracting
CM Construction Management and MC Management Contracting have take a small part of the market share
Other methods include:
- PPP Public Private Partnership (UK Government Procurement)
- PFI Private Finance Initiative (UK Government Procurement)
- GMP Guaranteed Maximum Price
  - And some still pursue claims above GMP
- DMC Design Manage Construct
Each of these alternative procurement methods:
- Opportunities:
  - speed up a project by overlapping tasks
    - Design and construction
    - Multiple subdivision of trades into separate packages of work
- Risks:
  - Greater need for joined up thinking
  - Focus on speed at the expense of competency, quality
    - Management make no time for trades people to care
    - Generating Mental stress
  - Greater separation between constructors and employer in the demand chain
  - Administration, distracting from or eliminating site supervision and quality control
  - Decrease in direct employment of skilled craftsmen, increased sub-contracting, in all procurement methods
- Potential Fees to be paid for by the client at each level of the chain
  - Long chains between client and labourer’s payment
  - Excessive delay on payment
    - Generating Mental Stress
    - Increasing suicide rates
  - Main Contractors effectively bankrupt, financially and morally
    - bankrupting sub-contractors
  - Increased risk of Silo thinking
    - Potential for overlapping or gaps between design silos
    - Reliance on ready made specification templates,
      - with little job specific editing and writing
  - Potential for passing design responsibilities down to trade contractors
    - Struggling to build, let alone design and specify
    - Builders do not know best,
      - (Government Procurement assumes they do)
      - They know how to build what is drawn and specified
      - Or how to substitute with worse, towards what they know
      - And increase profit margins
  - Misinformation about design and specification responsibilities
    - Architects thinking contractor specifies, chooses or substitutes at will
      - No matter which Procurement Method
    - Architects reluctant to approve anything (RIBA Advice)
      - Review until no further comment
    - Potential for complex interfaces between packages, trades, zones, phases
      - Unresolved in template specifications
      - Management of interfaces left to trade contractors to resolve
    - Potential repetition or subdivision and evolution of design processes along supply chain
    - Potential for dropping the batten
      - Brief, Design, Specification, Contract, Execution, FM, Reclaim
    - Potential for erosion of the project quality,
    - Confusion over responsibility, accountability,
      - QA tick boxes in place of skilled CofW quality control
  - All procurements can suffer financial issues
    - Design Stage:
      - Cost Planning (macro pricing not close enough to micro reality)
        
        No budget to pay for the shortfalls
        
        Tenders focused on future claims for extras
      - Bills of Quantities for tendering (less and less common)
        
        Risk of inconsistency of tenders
        
        (each Tenderer making their own BoQ to price)
        
        Value Engineering (Often cost cutting by another name)
        
        Cost Cutting,
        
        Possibly due to overdesign
        
        Tenders beyond incompetent cost plan budget
    - Tender stage:
      - Bread and water contracts
        
        Not able to make any profit on projects
      - Kami-kazi tendering
        
        Tendering low with full expectation of making up differences on claims for extras
        
        Inadequately defined contracts, drawings, specifications open the door
      - Design and Build working to performance specification often inadequately defined
        
        D&B Contractor choosing and specifying products and materials
    - Sub-contracting Stage:
      - Dutch bargaining
        
        Main Contractor’s Buyers playing off sub-contractors against each other to lower their prices
      - Subcontractor’s Specification-Substitution
        
        Sometime Surreptitiously
        
        Saving money to increase profit margins
        
        Fiduciary Rules apply (without consequences?)
        
        Reducing Product or material quality
        
        Reducing Building Performance
        
        Part of the Hackett report “Race to the Bottom”
    - Snagging: Now sub-contracted
      - Or reduced to a QA tick box exercise
    - After Contract Practical completion
      - Years of spurious unsubstantiated claims for extras, delays, changes
        
        Relying on weak paper trails to succeed
      - Needed a better set of contract documents in the first place
        
        Built on better data
      - Audit trails through correspondence and document issues

New Expectations:

The construction industry during the last decade has degenerated considerably on the above issues
- Paperwork evidence of duty being done
  - But no time to do the duty well
  - HSE Health and Safety Executive observation about failures in
  - CDM Construction Design & Management
  - (Safe working practices on site and in building)
- Buildings run greater risk of poor performance in many areas
  - ZCH Zero Carbon Hub’s ‘Performance Gap’
- Other priority issues that need to be urgently addressed include:
  - Sustainability in the built environment
    - Climate Emergency
    - Biodiversity Emergency
  - Healthy & Wellbeing including:
    - Indoor air quality,
    - Overheating,
    - Indoor CO2
    - VOCs, Volatile Organic Compounds in materials and paints
    - Formaldehyde in materials
    - Plastics avoidance or minimisation
  - Environmental
    - EP Energy Performance
      - (k, R & U values, Condensation, overheating)
    - EEECSC
      - Embodied Energy, Embodied Carbon and Sequestered Carbon
    - LCA Life Cycle Assessment
    - EPD Environmental Product Declarations
      - BRE Building Research Establishment
      - GGtS Green Guide to Specification
        
        Forced upon the design community
        
        by BREEAM and other now redundant systems
        
        Funding History
        
        Business as Usual
        
        Manufacturers Associations approached
        
        Green Sector not that well developed
        
        No Greens Invited to the match
        
        No Green Materials
        
        One team on the pitch will always win
        
        Least Violet of the Violet Materials
        
        Elemental Approach no Component Screening
        
        Grey Assessments
        
        Little distinction between Green and Violet Components
        
        Little scope for designers engagement or intervention
        
        GMA Generic Material Assessment
        
        Sector data, sector averages
        
        Manufactures hide behind GMA
        
        No Incentive to improve
        
        No need to spend money on LCA and EPD
        
        BRE EP Environmental Profiles
        
        GBL Green Book Live (Database)
        
        PEF Product Environmental Foot-printing
        
        Manufacturers Associations influence towards LCA & EPD approach
        
        Perpetuating Business as Usual
        
        OEF Operational Environmental Foot-printing
        
        Renewable Energy
      - Resourceful including:
        
        Less waste, Reclaim, Recycling
        
        Circular Economy
        
        Product Passports to communicate provenance and properties
      - Appropriate:
        
        Avoiding incompatibility and inappropriate uses
        
        Ensuring correct application of components within elements
      - Competent:
        
        Expecting for 3^rd party accredited, proper materials and products
        
        Understood insurable Lives
      - Effectiveness:
        
        not incremental improvements but step changes
        
        components that enable others to perform at their optimum
      - Yardsticks for benchmarking
        
        Setting ambition targets, not eroded by MA Lobbying
        
        Disorganised design community
        
        Failed to lobby for better

People Rising to the challenge

Extinction Rebellion
David Attenborough
- Blue Planet, Plastics in Oceans, anti-plastics reaction
Greta Thunberg
- Schools Strikes
  - Invited Adults to join in
  - Construction Professionals, Students and Education Declares
- Architects Declare
  - Lobbying for better Architectural Education
    - Education Declares
    - But Education will not pay for competent specialist lecturers
  - ACAN Architects Climate Action Network
    - Youth lobbying for better, education
      - including 2021’s StudentsCAN
    - Well orchestrated campaigns to Lobby Government for Better
      - ACAN
        
        Low Embodied Carbon targets into Building Regulations
        
        Timber use in building against Post-Grenfell Knee-jerk reaction
      - LETI London Energy Transition Initiative
        
        Low Energy Demand Building Targets
        
        Challenging BRAD L update in public consultations
        
        Demanding FEES remain and LAs can seek to do better
      - RIBA Royal Institute of British Architects
        
        RIBA 2030 Climate Challenge (Carbon focus)
      - Climate and Biodiversity Emergency
        
        Government Engagement with ability to act and force change
        
        Local Authority Engagement without the know-how to act
      - Public finally engaging in appropriate behaviour
      - Businesses forced to clean up their act through robust social media campaigns

National Green Specification Ltd. (Since 2001)

GBE Green Building Encyclopaedia (since 2012)
- GBE Product Data Collection
- Collects: approx. 600 out of >1200 data points about any product and manufacturer
- Collects: >400 environmental data points
- Generates: 35 reports:
  - Specification, PDS Product data sheet, Method Statement, Product Passports, etc.
- (last time it was reviewed, more issues to address today)
Green Building Specification (Since 2001)
- Provide Robust Specifications including the reason it was chosen
- Specification not Generalisation
- Ammunition to defend the choices made
- Education to understand why to defend
- Proactive Substitution Control meeting clauses
- Equivalency not similarity
Green Building Learning (2020)
- To fill the gap created in Architectural Education
- Things that will not save the planet for human occupation
  - Aesthetics
  - Philosophical BS
  - Snappy Graphics
- Things that will save the planet for human occupation
  - Science of Materials
  - Physics of Building
  - Crunching of Numbers
  - Evidence Based Design
- Green Building Calculator (2011-2021)
  - We need tools to allow us to instantly evaluate our proposals and their substitution requests
  - We need to be able to interrogate many issues simultaneously
  - To determine all Brief requirements are met not just cheapness
    - Real Value Engineering with numbers against all ramifications
  - To prevent erosion of the project quality for the client
  - And resist change (substitution) where applicable

Potential control of information quality

EDM Electronic Document Management can preserve the integrity of project information within design offices
- And may extend to projects on dedicated servers
CoC Chain of custody may be seen as a mechanism for audit trails
- But the paper trails may not be robust enough
- easily misrepresented to contract administrators.
Is Blockchain technology, without the Bitcoins scope, worth considering?
- Security of information along whole supply chain over time, independent of people
BSI British Standard Institution
- PAS Publicly Available Standard
- PAS 2035 Retrofit Trustmark Data Warehouse ambitions may have relevance.

BIM Better/Building Information Management/Modelling

‘Beyond BIM’ presented by Paul Fletcher
Limitations placed upon the development of CAD towards BIM
- CAD Computer Aided Design
Excel or Databases:
- Dead information from moment published
- Management and maintenance or upkeep of data absent
Current issues:
- PDT Product Data Templates
  - Too few data points
  - Cannot address Environmental in any significant way in one cell
  - CPA Construction Product Association
  - CIRIA Construction Industry Information & Research Association
    - Joint campaign to get Manufactures Associations
    - To develop their sector’s PDT
    - May aspire towards LCD Lowest Common Denominator
    - So manufacturers can hide their data
    - Potential to influence a dumb approach like BRE GGtS
  - COBie & IFC
    - Ditto Environmental Data in on cell
    - GreenWash
  - BIM Libraries
    - Emphasis on making money making CAD models
    - Not so interested in BInformationM,
      - Changing yet?
      - NBS Source started to fill the gap?
        
        LoI Level of Information
        
        Still has a very long way to go
        
        Still not Robust enough
        
        Despite adopting ‘Robust Specification’ in NBS Chorus

Potential solutions:

OLE Object Linking and Embedding updating of file upon opening
- by dynamic links to a source file
Every Cell to become a search engine
- To obtain current information from sources or source files
Sources may be websites, databases, datasets in spreadsheets;
- Unlike inaccessible PDF files

Keeping track of source location:

OLE principle
But source locations can change
DOI Digital Object Identification
- URL Unique Resource Locator
- Moving data, keeping up to date with URLs
- Tracking Datasets if they move within a website or to another website
- Pharmaceuticals
  - Needs robust audit trails and ability to call back
  - Example: Implants
  - Product Numbers
  - Size and Shape variations
  - Bespoke variations
  - Serial Numbers
  - Applications to patients
  - Patient Numbers
- NBS & BIM4M2 Joint project to investigate DOI for Construction:
  - NBS National Building Specification
  - BIM4M2 BIM for manufacturers and manufacturing
  - Needs follow up to see what happened, did it go forward?
  - Is NBS Source the result of that project?

Data Sources:

Manufacturers, Suppliers: Product Information, Datasets
Accreditation Reports: BBA, ETA, LPC, Natureplus, etc.
Databases:
BIM Libraries:
- Predominantly drawing and dimensional information
- NBS NBIML
  - NBS National Building Specification
  - NBIML National BIM Library
- Information essential addition (NBS Source?)

Other players in the Golden Thread arena:

NBS National Building Specification: NBS Source (Product Focus)
- NBS Source brings together RIBA Product Selector, NBS BIM Library and NBS Plus to create a single (maintained on-line) source for product information.
- The platform provides an additional level of enhanced product data, in a consistent, structured format that will integrate seamlessly into your project workflow.
- NBS Source is free to use and works directly with NBS Chorus, their cloud-based specification platform, and design tools including Autodesk Revit.
- Meaning you can find and specify products at every stage of your project.
- The platform includes over 22,000 manufacturer products and NBS are working with thousands of manufacturers to enhance their data in NBS Source.
- WHAT IS THE VALUE ADDED IN YOUR PROPOSAL
- It is not clear about hidden or non existent metadata
- It promotes Uniclass because it feeds into a Specification editing tool
PAS 2035 Retrofit
- Trustmark Information Warehouse
- (Project application information Focus)

Projects to learn from

Built2Spec Project
- NBS Specification templates scrutinised
- Approval, Review, Checking Points identified and focussed upon
- Systemic Checking formalized
- Turned into an App for use in Smart Tablet/Phone on site
- Sign offs recorded, photographic evidence taken, documents filed and linked to
- Robust Audits possible
- Accountability: all parties identified, able to stop the rot?

Current Product Data websites

The following lists probably have a ‘Fabric First’ bias

General: (Technical) (Business as Usual plus a few wealthy Greens)
RIBA Royal Institute of British Architects
- Product Selector Plus
  - Developed by RIBA Enterprises Ltd. (NBS)
  - Poor level of information (quantity of information types)
  - Integrated in NBS Building
    - Specification Editing Tool
    - Template Specification Libraries of work section and clauses
    - Poor product specifications (low Levels of Information)
    - Low levels of information into project contract specifications
    - Loss of connection to information for equivalency comparison
    - Loss of ground for defence of choices made and included in spec
  - SpecifiedBy
    - Clever search engine allegedly
    - Should become comprehensive database
      - More information than PS+? NBS Source?
      - No apparent green filters
      - No apparent screening
    - Unintelligent ‘Similar Products to consider’
    - Started facilitating/hosting unscreened Manufacturer’s CPD
      - diversion from original intentions, to enrich their offering
  - MMC Modern Methods of Construction
    - Just launched last week
    - Offsite Construction information Portal
    - Supplier Directory
    - https://www.offsitehub.co.uk/supplier-directory/
  - Proper Materials
    - LPC Loss Prevention Council
      - Certified Products (Passive Fire Protection)
      - Red Book Live
    - BBA British Board of Agrément
      - Certified Products/Systems (all issues)
    - BSI Kitemark (All issues)
    - ETA European Technical Assessment (all issues)
    - CE Marked (Legal minimum not quality mark)
    - UKCP Marked (Post Brexit, not a quality mark)
    - Circular Economy:
    - Recoup Recycled Plastics products:
    - BAMB Buildings as Materials Banks Project
      - Product Passports (Reclaimed Materials Passports)
      - EPEA > Building Materials Scout Database/website
    - C2C Cradle to Cradle (Circular, Resourceful, Ambitions for Greenness)
      - C2CN Cradle to Cradle Network Project Product Lists
    - Green:
      - GreenPro (Dark green, Bio-based emphasis)
      - CAPEM Project Lists (Green, Biobased, SMEs)
      - LCA & EPD Databases (Green and Violet Materials and Products)
      - Blue Products (Flood Tolerance)
      - Blue angel
      - Ecolabel (wide mix small number)
      - Allergy free (Healthy, not construction focus, a few items)
      - Declare (Healthy)
      - WEN Women’s Environment Network (Healthy and Environmental Finishes)
      - Natureplus (Technical, Health and Environmental)
      - GreenSpec (Recycled and Green Mix)
      - GBE (HERACEY™ limited content so far)
      - Other Green Label Databases
      - BRE Green Book Live (Dubious set of product based on LCA Assessments)
    - Efficiency Databases
      - ETL Energy Technology List (ECA gone so are they still there?)
      - WTL Water Technology List (ECA gone so are they still there?)
      - SEDBUK Boiler Performance
      - Water Efficiency labels
      - A-G Labels (with caution)
      - MCS Micro-generation Certification System (Renewable energy kit and installers)
    - Green Builder Merchants (and increasingly BAU Suppliers)
      - Products available in or from UK market
    - Green Manufacturers
      - Product available in UK, EU and International Markets

Other Issues:

Need for education to support
- Understanding of the data points and certificates, etc.
- Understanding of the spread of results on each data point (what is good or bad)
- Ability in applying this information meaningfully
- Avoiding reliance upon databases to make decisions
- Expert system help with screening/filtering
IBM proposal for RIBA Stages 0-7 extend to 0-9 for Circular economy
- Gareth Webb, David Platt
- BIM4M2 event presentation
- ACAN discussion RIBA Stages 0-8 including Circular economy

Potential Guidance, Contributor and Users for any Proposed Database:

NGS Ltd.
Green Building Encyclopaedia
- Product Pages
Green Building Specification
- Reliance upon accurate data for contract or product template specification writing
GBC Green Building Calculator.
All of this information will have a home in future updates of GBC Calculator datasets
GBC requires essential information to process sizes, density, k value, U value, etc.
GBC Version 2 (under development now) addresses:
- Embodied Energy, Embodied carbon, Sequestered carbon, Biogenic carbon,
- Life Cycle Assessment, Environmental Product Declaration
Later versions (25 version planned) will address:
- Specific heat Capacity, Decrement Factor and Delay, Overheating check, thermal mass, thermal bridging, Recycled content, Reclaimed content, Plastic content, plastic replacements, indoor air quality, etc.
- Golden thread issues is about appropriateness and competency of application of materials and products in specific locations within elements of building.
  - Already accommodate in Version 2
  - To be developed in Versions 3 & 4
- GBC Version 3:
  - 892 Readymade Elemental Assemblies ready to integrate
  - BEACoN Building Elemental Assembly Code Numbers
  - Critique of methods and materials
- GBC Version 4:
  - Building Sections, Elements, 3 Sub-elements, intersections,
  - All locations coded to control appropriate competent locations for products
  - Used in GBC PDC Product Data Collection
  - Intelligent Data Collection with Drop Down Menus
  - To help manufacturers complete spreadsheet cell entries
  - To help GBC audit manufacturers entries
  - To integrate collected and audited data into GBC Calculator
- Green Building Database (Detailed Proposal only so far)
- Planning to merge many datasets into one single dataset for GBC.
- Intelligent template to help manufacturers and suppliers to populate the GBC Product Data Collection sheet to engage with these issues and integrate into GBC Project applications.
- Thousands of products in many spreadsheets to merge into one
  - COVID has probably decimated the market actors
  - Major database clean up exercise to do

NGS Ltd. our activities including Green Building Encyclopaedia and Green Building Specification and detecting our interest and reliance upon accurate data for contract or product template specification writing and for use in GBC Green Building Calculator.

I currently commonly collect approx 600 out of 1200 data points on any product/company.
I also Judge products/company on over 400 environmental criteria.
My Product Data Collection system can generate 35 different output reports.
I am currently seeking information sources for Reclaimed materials Product Passports after BAMB project.

All of this information will have a home in future updates of GBC Calculator datasets

GBC requires essential information to process sizes, density, k value, U value, etc.
GBC Version 2 (under development now) addresses Embodied Energy, Embodied carbon, Sequestered carbon, Biogenic carbon, Life Cycle Assessment, Environmental Product Declaration
Later versions (25 version planned) will address: Specific heat Capacity, Decrement Factor and Delay, Overheating check, thermal mass, thermal bridging, Recycled content, Reclaimed content, Plastic content, plastic replacements, indoor air quality, etc.
More importantly from the golden thread issues is about appropriateness and competency of application of materials and products in specific locations within elements of building.
This issue is being planned for in Version 2 and to be developed in Versions 3 & 4
I am planning to merge many datasets into one single dataset for GBC.
I have an intelligent template to help manufacturers and suppliers to populate the Product Data Collection sheet to engage with these issues and integrate into GBC.
I have found it frustrating that previous COBie, IFC and Product Data Templates’ limited scope to engage with sustainability data.
I welcome the invitation and will make sure my diary is clear to enable involvement.
Looking forward to participation and learning from the other participants and helping guide the single source output.

BrianSpecMan

45 years Technician & Architect by training, 35 years Specification Writer by Choice, 20 years Environmentalist by action, 20 years CPD Provider, 13 years Website writer and editor, 10 years Educator by calling, 10 years Number cruncher, & Tour Guide for fun.
GBE (2050 pages so far), GBL (Director hit by COVID days after launch), GBC Websites
Green Building Calculator V1 June 2020, Version 2 imminent 2021
Recycled Content Products on GreenSpec, & GBS Waste Minimisation Specifications
CAP’EM Interreg Project LCA database with Building Designer Interface
BCT & RIBA Biodiversity book: bats and birds in buildings
On steering group for: Campaigns, Books, Projects, Membership Groups, Training Bodies
>1000 CPD subjects delivered over 21 years
450 page Jargon Buster
Sustainability Checklist
Wrote 10 pages before the zoom meeting to pre-record and formulate my potential contributions

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GBE Information-Gap (Opinion) G#39241 This page

Product Data Golden Thread Brain Dump

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