GBE CPD Metadata

• File Name: GBE CPD SunSpace WinterGarden Conservatory
• File Type: PPTX & PDF
• File Size: PPTX: 16.1 mb, PDF Show: 15.3 mb, PDF Handout: 5.2 mb
• Number of Slides: 58 of 89
• Created for: RIBA Part 1 Year 2 Architecture students (AMIB)
• Presented to: LSBU & CIOB Herts
• Author: BrianSpecMan aka Brian Murphy BSc Dip Arch (Hons+Dist)
• © GBE NGS ASWS 2006 – 2019
• Created: 27/Dec/2006
• Revision: 263
• Updated: 10/11/2019
• Previously published on Scribd: 09/03/2010
• Scribd reads: 306 @06/01/2013
• CI/SfB:
• CAWS 1987: B12
• CAWS 2012: NN:NN:NN
• Uniclass 1 1997: JB12
• Uniclass 2 2012:
• Uniclass 3 2015:
• Tags: SunSpec, WinterGarden, Conservatory, B14, JB14, Passive Heating, Overheating, Ventilation, Thermal Mass, Solar gain,
• ProductSets: Elements, Performance, Material Properties
• UserGroups: Students, Architects, Assistants, Technicians, Surveyors, Self builders,

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GBE CPD Content

(without images; See the slide show for the pictures)

Sun Space Winter Garden Conservatory

• B12 Conservatories
• Source of free heat, overheating,  a drain on energy or all of the above?

Conservatories:

• GBE CPD Seminar Series
• Educational Objective:
  • –Comprehensive introduction to subject: Conservatories and thermal mass
  • –emphasis on environmentally sustainable solutions
  • –design primer: addressing principles and solutions
  • –technically rich: materials, construction, services & testing
  • –Related GBE CPD Seminars indicated
  • –Questions and answers for each subtopic in file 10
• Audience:
  • –Architecture Students Part 1 Year 2, Part 2 Year 1
  • –CPD update for all levels of experience & knowledge
• Delivery:
  • –20 minutes depending upon audience participation
  • –Reading 10 minutes

Air Movement in Buildings: 18 of 25

• Principles of Element Design
• Climate Change
• Wind
• Wind Tunnel Testing
• Wind Turbines
• Natural Ventilation
• Moisture Vapour & Condensation
• Thermal Insulation
• Breathing Construction
• Airtightness
• Wind & Airtightness Testing
• Building Elements
• Passive Ventilation
• Active Ventilation
• Stack Effect
• Atrium
• Solar Orientation & Solar Gain
• Conservatories
• Thermal mass
• Conduction, Convection, Radiation
• Solar Shading
• Thermal mass, Passive and active cooling
• Fluid dynamics
• Mechanical Ventilation
• Air-Conditioning
• Questions and Answers
• Commercial Green

Green Houses & Conservatories: Summer Ventilation

• Glass permit the passage of the rays from the sun to warm the interior
• This can be:
  • –trapped in winter by closing windows
  • –released in summer by ventilation
• Victorians understood the need for opening vents low in the walls and high in the roofs to release the heat in the summer, high enough to exploit the stack effect, catch any breeze and ensure heads do not cook.
• Most PVC conservatories only have windows in the sides, a real problem
  • –New offering is to have opaque roof replace the existing glazing

Green Houses & Conservatories:  Winter Solar gains

• Glass permit the passage of the rays from the sun to warm the interior
• Close all opening vents, doors and windows capture the heat
• This can be exploited in winter
  • –Grow plants that would otherwise perish
  • –Dry clothing
  • –Indoor workspace/living room/playroom

Green Houses and Conservatories: Exploiting heat

• Thermal mass is where the construction materials are usually dense, close to the surface have large surface area, can absorb and store heat, insulated from the ground
• Conservatories can capture heat in sunny but cold weather
• Intelligent use of thermal mass in floors and rear walls can exploit the captured heat by storing it and saving it until the sun has disappeared and release it to warm the occupants of the conservatory.

Hockerton & BedZED

• Conservatories are double glazed and Low Emissivity coated to allow the heat in, prevent it escaping and trap the heat for use
• Doors and windows from conservatory to house are triple glazed Low E for the same reason
• The doors and windows are closed not letting any heat from building out into conservatory
• Until the conservatory is hot enough then windows and doors are opened to let a burst of heat into the building to heat up the fabric

Hockerton HHP

• Conservatories

Lean-to Conservatories: warm the house

• Once a conservatory attached to a building is warmed
• it can than be used to heat the interior of the attached building by opening doors and windows between them to let the heat into the building
• The building’s thermal mass can be warned and heat stored for release into the building later after the sun has gone

BedZED

• Sun Spaces
• Top floor glass roof lets in too much heat top floor overheats

Thermal Mass

• Ventilation, warmth and coolth

Heat movement in buildings

• ARUP/B Dunster Report on need for Thermal mass in buildings to cope with climate change global warming
• Recommend internal doors are self closing to hold heat energy where it is created or collected
• All partitions to be insulated
• Then actively move heat wherever you may want it or leave it where it is

Exploiting thermal mass

• If the building has high thermal mass and its surfaces are exposed
• they can be exploited in both heating and cooling
• In winter the mass can be heated in the day the heat stored for exploitation in the night
• In summer the mass can be cooled in the night and exploited in the day

Thermal mass

• Large surface areas are best
• Thickness closest to surface is used in daily cycles,
• Full thicknesses and more used over annual cycles
• Higher density material is best
• Exposed to the space not hidden above ceilings or below floors
• Exposed to the sun’s rays is good
• Embedded pipes can be exploited to move warmth and coolth around building or into storage

Gallions HA

• Conservatories as Entrance Lobby
• Gallions Housing Association:
  Tenants would not choose the conservatory but now they have it would not give it up

Conservatories Gone Wrong

• In the real world

Conservatories gone wrong

• Heated Conservatories (why not Solar?)
• Radiant Heated Conservatories (under floor heating) radiates upwards to warm objects
• If there is nothing to hit, the heat goes up and out the glass roof
• Electrically Heated Conservatories (+++CO2)
• Conservatories open to remainder of building (Heat gain or heat loss)
• Conservatories without ventilation (over-heating)

National Botanic Gardens of Wales

• Glass roof
• Glass Roof: gain & loose heat
  no solar gain or heat loss control

GLA Head Quarters

• North Facing Conservatory
• No solar gains just heat losses

90% UK conservatories are heated

• Underfloor Radiant heating
  • Radiates out through the glass walls and roof
  • More out of the roof, opposite the floor
  • So LowE (emissivity) glass is essential
  • Or insulated roof in place of glass
• In terms of fuel use they are like a gushing tap over a gulley
• Significant number have no doors or windows to separate from the rest of the house
• Despite the Building Regulations
  • –Winter: Heat loss from house
  • –Summer: Heat gain to house
• No hope then

PVC Conservatory market

• Uses PVC
  • Non-renewable fossil petrochemical
  • And salt
  • Chemical intensive manufacturing
  • Generates lots of hazardous waste streams

Conservatories overheat

• Rarely have windows/vents in pitched glazed roof
• May not have opening windows in sides towards bottom
  • Cannot be cooled by stack effect or cross flow
  • Overheat intensely in summer
• Now they sell retrofit insulated transluscent or opaque roofs
  •  To save heat in winter
    • 50% to 80% claimed
  • To exclude heat in summer
    • Depends upon the insulation material

Conservatory Gone Wrong

• No boundary between conservatory and accommodation beyond
• No thermal mass wall or floor to hold the heat
• No entry or exit ventilation in glazed roof
• No Solar shading (externally is best)
• Tenant fitted Air Conditioning

Swaffham Wind Turbine Visitors Centre

• Conservatory design gone wrong
• South facing lean-to solar heat gain
• External shading helps
• No ventilation
• Thermal mass flooring on show between furniture
• No thermal mass in back wall: plasterboard partitions
• No ventilation
• Tenant fitted Air-conditioning

1NTEGER @ BRE (Intelligent & green)

• Not very intelligent Conservatory:
• Secure all-weather garden
• Single glazed and double to house but open at top floor
• Some solar shading, some planting

1NTEGER house conservatory at BRE

• is not all that it could be
• Single glazed
• No thermal mass back wall,
• Open to living accommodation on top floor.
• Just sheltered outdoor space
• Opening vents in side walls of conservatory
  but only half way up the height of the conservatory
• Thermostat control piston actuated vents
  • Thermostat at high level?
  • Vents at mid level
• Doors: provide low level ventilation
• Windows: none at top

Internal solar shading:

• internal radiant heating & thermal stress in glass
• generates heat in conservatory air
• catches solar radiation heats up and re-radiates heat inwards.

Solar Thermal ET for Hot Water

• Roof window & minimal PV

Rainwater: collection and disposal?

• Any Harvesting and reusing?

Thermal mass?

• Timber weatherboarding inside conservatory
  • no thermal mass on rear wall
• Concrete or stone paving some thermal mass on floor
• Top floor open to hottest part of conservatory
  • no ventilation at high level
  • an oven for hobby or TV room
• Bedrooms face South & open onto the warm conservatory, no escape

Energy efficient light fittings?

Test Yourself

• What are the ideal characteristics of a conservatory?
• How does HHP Hockerton exploit Thermal mass?
• How did you do
• North facing, large glass areas, low E glass to trap heat, window and door vents at high and low level, external controllable solar shading
• High density, large surface area, exposed to passive heat gains from sun
• Traps sun in conservatory, heats up floor and back wall then warms up house interior