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GBE L15 External Solar Shading (Outline) G#41109

By 10 November 2023November 11th, 2023Code, Encyclopaedia, Outlines
BLE RBRR L14 Rooflight L15 SolarShading

GBE L15 External Solar Shading (Outline)

GBE > Encyclopaedia > Code > Outline > G#41109

Legend:


  • Outlines are the essence of the topic in a hierarchical order
  • They could become the core of an Expert System or Design and Decision Tool
  • The colour coding in the word file highlights:
    • Green Environmental Options
    • Violet Normal Practice
    • Red Missing information
      • (in the book it was extracted from)

Green: Consider for GBE

  • E.g. of approach:
  • FSC only
  • Preservative treatment: Avoid if possible

Blue: for TRADA but not GBE

  • FSC and PEFC
  • Treated softwood
  • Painted softwood

Violet: Avoid not for GBE

  • Treated softwood
  • Nails make demountability less successful

Red: Pending information by me or clarification from Patrick Hislop


Outline:


GBE L15 External Solar Shading Outline

  • Outline of timber constructions in readiness for an expert system and specifications
  • Extracting the essence from TRADA Weatherboarding publications by Patrick Hislop

L15   External Solar Shading Outline

Performance requirements

  • Maximise view/restrict viewing angles
  • Minimise sunlight penetration (avoiding glare and overheating internally)
  • Maximise daylight penetration (reduce use of artificial lighting)
  • Maximise reflection of daylight off surfaces
  • Minimise reflection of sunlight from surfaces
  • Maximise Ultra violet light absorption upon reflection from surfaces
  • Resist wind load and uplift
  • Not generate wind noise or rattling
  • Resist defection and creep
  • Durability
  • Security screen
  • May for maintenance access walkways
  • Support loadings

Arrangements

  • Flush with wall cladding
  • Vertical integral and flush with cladding in front of window
  • Vertical in front of window
  • Vertical projecting at side of window
  • Vertical spaced from the window
  • Vertical surrounding balconies
  • Projecting/Horizontal
  • Horizontal projecting from window head
  • Horizontal projecting from window forming light shelf
  • Horizontal above flat rooflight
  • Horizontal above balconies and roof terraces
  • Projecting/Sloping
  • Sloping above sloping rooflight and conservatory roof
  • Sloping projecting from window head
  • Combination(s) of the above

Design

  • Integral/flush with /same detailing as wall cladding
  • Rainscreen approach open jointed cladding system
  • Alternate boards/battens continue across window
  • Alternate boards/battens/blades continue along walls
  • Independent
  • Panelised
  • Unframed
  • Framed
  • Hardwood framed
  • Same durability as blades
  • Sub-framed
  • Metal frame
  • Mild Steel
  • Hot dip galvanized
  • Sacrificial coating of zinc rich epoxy paint if acidic timber

Blade orientation

  • Vertical
  • In vertical or sloping installation
  • Greatest resistance to deflection and creep
  • Greatest spanning potential
  • Top surface profiled for rainwater runoff
  • Drip profile at base
  • Sloping (normal to the sun’s rays)
  • In vertical installation
  • Offers some resistance to deflection and creep
  • Design to overcome deflection and creep
  • Seek to obtain stiffness from supports and fastenings
  • Encourages rainwater runoff, the steeper the better
  • Drip profile at base
  • Horizontal
  • Poorest spanning potential
  • Design to overcome deflection and creep
  • Seek to obtain stiffness from supports and fastenings
  • Risk of rainwater standing on top
  • Risk of staining
  • Risk of runoff and condensation on bottom
  • Risk of staining
  • Consider self weight and wind loading

Shading array dimensions

  • To exclude sun at 56 degrees above horizontal (UK summer)
  • To permit sun at 10 degrees above horizontal (UK winter)
  • To exclude/permit sunlight at other angles (to suit brief)

Blade Size and Spacing

  • Narrow blades/battens/boards
  • Closer spacing to exclude sun

Wide blades/battens/boards

  • Wider spacing to exclude the sun
  • Spacing to encourage consistent bleaching of unfinished timber

Species

  • Generally
  • Strong stiff species for spanning
  • Douglas Fir
  • Preservative treated
  • European Larch
  • Low self weight if horizontal (shallow slope)
  • Western Red Cedar
  • Strength stiffness and low moisture movement
  • For long spans between supports
  • Durable Tropical hardwoods
  • Durability class 1 or 2
  • Sapwood removed
  • Unfinished
  • Durability class 3 4 or 5
  • Preservative treated
  • Softwood
  • Local
  • Native
  • European Larch (Larix deciduas)
  • care with Sustainable Certification
  • Class 3 moderately durable
  • Small movement
  • Less dense, strong and knot-free
  • Also suitable for shingles and shakes
  • Non-native
  • Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata)
  • UK grown less durable than North American class 2
  • Remove sapwood
  • Small knots common in UK grown
  • Small movement
  • Lightweight
  • BS 8417: 60 year service life
  • Resistant to preservative treatment
  • High tannin content corrosive: protect porous and steel or iron materials below
  • Soft and brittle:
  • Avoid applications prone to mechanical damage: low level
  • Solar shading with single fixings subject to rotation torsion
  • Avoid unfinished where high levels of pollution present (traffic and industrial processes)
  • Also suitable for shingles and shakes
  • Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
  • (UK grown less durable Class 3-4 moderately to slightly durable than North American Class 3)
  • Resistant to treatment
  • Can be left unfinished to fade
  • Requires preservative treatment
  • European Larch (Larix deciduas)
  • care with Sustainable Certification
  • Class 3 moderately durable
  • Small movement
  • Also suitable for shingles and shakes

Hardwood

Fixings/Framing

  • Acidic timber
  • Acidic timbers need stainless steel fasteners
  • Wood to wood
  • Wood to galvanized
  • Frame often galvanized mild steel
  • Predrill mild steel and hot dip galvanized
  • Austenitic stainless steel and galvanized steel are incompatible
  • but large amounts of galvanized steel can cope with small amounts of stainless steel
  • Do not use self drilling self tapping stainless fasteners into galvanized
  • Isolate metals with grommets, sleeves and washers
  • Remove all metal swarf to avoid tannin corrosion and staining
  • Non acidic timbers
  • Non-acidic timbers externally need corrosion resistant fasteners
  • stainless steel fasteners (screws bolts washers)
  • Wood to wood
  • Frame often galvanized mild steel
  • Predrill mild steel and then hot dip galvanized
  • Galvanized steel fasteners (nuts bolts washers)
  • Wood to galvanized
  • Do not use self drilling self tapping fasteners into galvanized
  • Fastenings

Generally

  • Strength needed at supports
  • Minimum 2 fasteners to overcome wind loading twisting rotation stresses
  • Minimum 2 fasteners to overcome moisture movement shrinkage
  • Minimum 2 fasteners to overcome drying distortion in green timbers
  • Low density timber
  • Prone to early failure
  • Species:
  • Western Red Cedar
  • Heat treated timbers
  • High density timbers
  • Still use two fasteners
  • Overcome tendency to distortion in drying shrinkage
  • Panelisation
  • Offsite preassembly
  • Rigid panels for handling
  • Fix back to structure at larger centres
  • Notched members receive notched blades
  • Helps overcome distortion
  • Reduce span of blades
  • Fixing
  • Screwed and glued
  • Gluing may help prevent rattling

Revisions

Revision No. Description Author Date Checked by:
A00 Created issued to SP to start process rolling BRM 02/05/2008
A01 Revised refinement and development using TRADA Cladding guide 2nd edition (incomplete) BRM 06/05/2008

17/05/2008

A02 Revised refinement and development using TRADA Cladding guide 2nd edition (complete)

Reorganised content list, H21 and Added K42

BRM 26/05/2008
A03 Continue to add to scope and to H21 (complete) BRM 12/06/2008

19/06/2008

A04

 

K13 (internal) copied to H20 (external) new

K13 similar to H20 pending editing

Specification clauses now in a separate file

Minor refinements

Issue to Sandy

BRM 26/06/2008

03/07/2008

&

31/10/2008

A05 Rename GBE H21 Outline from TRADA Book.docx BRM 26/02/2016
A05 Replace GreenSpec with GBE BRM 26/02/2016
A05 A few tweaks for TDUK issue (H21 only) BRM 10/07/2023
A05 Issue to MM at TDUK BRM 10/07/2023
A06 Split the file L15 from H21 BRM 21/08/2023

© GBE GBC GRC GBL NGS ASWS Brian Murphy aka BrianSpecMan ****
10th November 2023

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GBE L15 External Solar Shading (Outline)

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© GBE GBC GRC GBL NGS ASWS Brian Murphy aka BrianSpecMan ****
10th November 2023

See Also:


GBE Outline


GBE Books

  • Shading for Housing (Book) G#_____

GBE Checklist


GBE Brain Dumps


GBE Brainstorms


GBE CPD

GBE CPD Titles


GBE Shop


GBS Robust Specification


GBE Projects: Information


GBE Datasets

GBE Shop


GBE 6 Core pages

GBE Suppliers

  • FSC Suppliers

GBE Installers

  • Company names

GBE Systems

  • System Reference: __

GBE Accessories

  • Accessory Reference: _

GBE Manufacturer

  • Company name

GBE Materials

FSC Timber Suppliers

GBE Collaborative Services


© GBE GBC GRC GBL NGS ASWS Brian Murphy aka BrianSpecMan ****
10th November 2023 – 11th November 2013

GBE L15 External Solar Shading (Outline) G#41109 End.

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